Which of the following is increased when light waves pass from a dense to a less dense medium a. Speed of sound is generally greater in liquids than gases and typically fastest in solids. Sound pressure is measured in decibels db on a log 10 scale relative to a reference level db 20 log 10 p 1 p r where p r is a reference pressure level a common reference pressure level is the threshold of human hearing at 1 khz, referred to as sound pressure level spl a sound with twice the spl is 6 db louder. As one atom or molecule gets bumped by energy, it transfers some of this energy to the atom or molecule next to it, which transfers some of the energy onward again. Frequency, or its inverse, wavelength amplitude, sound pressure or intensity speed of sound c. When this sound wave enters water, its frequency is. Unit 1 lesson 2 properties of waves tracking earthquake waves. Using sound to navigate underwater echoes are used by ships to scan the ocean floor. This lesson is to present to you the general properties of sound waves viz. Sound waves and music lesson 2 sound properties and their perception pitch and frequency pitch and frequency intensity and the decibel scale the speed of sound the human ear a sound wave, like any other wave, is introduced into a medium by a vibrating object. Such sound waves form the basis of intervals in music. Waves and sound 10 sound waves 1 sound is a wave propagating through the air at a speed of about 770mph 1240kph 343ms a slinky is a useful mechanical model of a sound wave oscillating a slinky at one end sends out a longitudinal wave that travels in the horizontal direction wave consists of compressions and widely. We will begin by describing the characteristics of vibrating objects, and then see. Wave characteristics a wave is a transfer of energy from one point to another without the transfer of material between the points waves move energy, not matter a.
Just as in light waves, the sound waves can also be reflected from a plane surface so that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. If it must have a medium, it is called a mechanical wave. It explores how ears hear and encourages students to take care of their ears. General wave properties the behaviour of waves affects us every second of our lives. In sound waves, amplitude indicates the loudness of the sound. The study of waves is, perhaps, truly the central subject of physics. Development of sound wave and light wave ebook physics. At least some aspects of an earthquake are essentially huge sounds. Wavelength of a sound is the distance traveled in one cycle or. Wave properties waves, which are regular patterns of motion, can be made in water by disturbing the surface. Consequently, sound waves cannot travel in the absence of particles a.
Waves travel faster in liquids than gas and faster in solids than liquids but more slowly in a denser medium of the same state of matter. A wave is a transfer of energy through a medium from one point to another. Sound waves, an oscillating spring, and earthquake pwaves are compressional. If a sound wave is observed to travel a distance of 700 meters in 2 seconds, then the speed of the wave would be 350 ms. The lowpressure areas are represented as troughs of the graph. Start the data collection software and connect it to the wireless sound sensor. Using sound to navigate flying at the speed of sound when a plane travels at the speed of sound, sound waves pile up in front of it. Figure 01 reflection of sound waves two cardboard tubes t 1 and t 2 which are inclined to each other, are placed in front of a plane. Sound waves and light waves carry energy that enable you to hear and see the world around you. Msps42 light and sound doodle notes plus interactive learning toolthis doodle note set includes four doodle note pages that address the vocabulary related to middle school ngss msps42includes. For example, any two sounds whose frequencies make a 2. Earthquakes initially produce p waves longitudinal waves as they form below the surface. A sound wave is made of areas of high pressure alternated by an area of low pressure. Frequency is a measure of how many waves pass a point in a certain amount of time.
Describe the relationship between the frequency and wavelength of a wave. This word search on light and sound waves helps students familiarize and reinforce vocabulary terms and spelling in a fun way. The waves that happen on the surface of the land after the p wave has moved through are s transverse waves. The vertical axis displays the relative intensity or loudness of a sound wave. Depends on the medium in which the wave is traveling. I hope to convert you to a way of thinking about waves that will permanently change the way you look at the world. Electromagnetic waves light waves do not require a medium to travel, whereas mechanical waves such as sound waves do. The part of a wave where it has its highest value on the vertical axis is called the crest. There are familiar, everyday sorts of waves in water, ropes and springs.
This wind surfer is riding high for now, but that will change soon. Wave speed, or the speed at which waves travel, depends on the properties of the medium. If a wave has a wavelength of 2 m and a frequency of 500 hz, what is its speed. Properties of sound waves open university of sri lanka. Pdf developed correlations between sound wave velocity and.
We expect you to be familiar with the concepts discussed in experiment 1. In one microsecond an electromagnetic wave travels 300 m. Write a short paragraph describing water waves you have seen. Adapted property of waves activity properties of waves activity designing a sound reducing wall and other activities simon says big amplitude, small wavelength a hands on activity do you hear what i hear 4ps41 making sense of sound sound card sort from vibration to vocalization the difference between light and sound waves teacher info. When all three are present, wave phenomena always occur. Pdf of doodle notes ideally these are printed for your students but they can be used with tpt easel for. Each of these experiments is openended, and can lead you into a variety of topics including wave theory, electronics, psychoacoustics, and a great deal else. Even more important, though only touched on in this book, is the wave phenomenon of quantum mechanics, built into the fabric of our space and time. As the energy in a sound wave increases, its amplitude increases. Speed of sound waves depends upon the properties of the medium. Intensity describes how much energy is transported per a given time. Indonesian seastate condition and its wave scatter map. The physics classroom curriculum corner sound and music properties of sound waves the document shown below can be downloaded and printed. As sound travels, particles of air are pushed forward, and then are pushed back to their original positions.
Pdf developed correlations between sound wave velocity. The general idea is that something is suddenly going above or below normal. The interaction of two waves that meet is called interference. Waves and wave properties lessonall about waves notes outline answers all about wavesnotes outline answers a wave is a disturbance that carries energy from one place to another. What is the wavelength of a sound wave with a frequency of 0. A slower wave would cover less distance perhaps 660 meters in the same time period of 2 seconds and thus have a speed of 330 ms. You will come to know more about transverse waves in higher classes. Frequency, or its inverse, wavelength amplitude, sound pressure or intensity speed of sound c direction sound that is perceptible by humans has frequencies from about 20 hz to 20,000 hz. Pdf waves, light waves, sound waves and ultrasound the.
Sound waves are characterized by these generic properties. A sound wave in a steel rail has a frequency of 620 hz and a wavelength of 10. Let us discuss through this article about the characteristics of sound and how sound. Wave properties read this a vibrating guitar string generates sound waves. State four different properties of light and sound waves.
The physical distance between two consecutive peaks in a sound wave is referred to as the wavelength of the sound wave. The physics of waves version date february 15, 2015. Sound waves and music lesson 2 sound properties and their. The document shown below can be downloaded and printed. Sound waves are longitudinal waves the vibrations are in the same direction as the direction of travel. Waves produced by earthquakes are called compressional waves. Teachers are granted permission to use them freely with their students and to use it as part of their curriculum. The speed of sound in air generally increases by 0.
Developed correlations between sound wave velocity and porosity, permeability and mechanical properties of sandstone core samples. When a sound occurs, energy pushes on atoms and makes them move similar to a relay. In this paper, the analysis of structureborne noise in an enclosure made of two different materials which are plywood and aluminum sheet metal is presented. That is, two sound waves sound good when played together if one sound has twice the frequency of the other. A whistle on land produces a sound wave with frequency f 0. Waves are caused by energy in the case of the human wave the energy comes from the students, in the case of the water waves, the energy comes from some sort of disturbance from a hand, the wind, etc. Sound waves are longitudinal waves the vibrations are in the same direction as the.
A sound wave is an air pressure disturbance that results from vibration. Generally, gws covers the ocean around the world, however, there are some areas that are cover on the map. A sound wave is both the end product of the speech production mechanism and the primary source of raw material used by the listener to recover the speakers message. Furthermore, as you will see, these principles are a great practical help both in understanding particular wave phenomena and in solving problems. It can be used before a unit, during a unit at a warmup, exit or homework. You should memorize the seven areas of the electromagnetic spectrum and their approximate wavelengths. Virtual lab what are some characteristics of waves. The highpressure areas are represented as the peaks of the graph.
Create a scope display and select sound wave for the vertical axis. The vibrating object pushes the particles of matter next to it and causes them to compress or squeeze together and the waves travel as more particles begin to vibrate. Strike the tuning fork again and wait until the sine wave pattern appears as smooth as possible when you get something that looks similar to figure 1, click stop. Because of the central role played by sound in speech communication, it is important to have a good understanding of how sound is produced, modified, and measured. In a compressional wave, the movement of particles causes high density in some areas and low density in others.
The waves have a speed which comes from the elastic properties of the medium. Hearing sound intensity sound level trinity college dublin. The higher the frequency, the closer the waves are together and the greater the energy carried by the waves. Sound waves of frequencies 20 hz to 20,000 hz are termed as audible sound. Frequency the higher the frequency, the closer the waves are together and the greater the energy carried by the waves will be.
Oct 27, 2020 pdf sound waves are the most common examples of longitudinal waves. Sound waves and music lesson 2 sound properties and. The faster more frequent the vibrations the higher the pitch. The faster a sound wave travels, the more distance it will cover in the same period. But the phase of the vibrations changes for different points along the wave. Robert macdonald on sound sound is any longitudinal compression wave in a tangible medium, like air, wood, rock, the sun, etc. All about waves notes outline answers teachengineering.
Sound waves leave a source, like a horn, with a certain. Further the audible sound is classified as musical sounds and noise. The second way of classifying waves is based on whether or not the wave requires a medium to travel. The speed of sound waves in a particular medium depends on the properties of that. Intensity e tr2 p e t intensity p r2 p is power e is energy. There are less visible but equally pervasive sound waves and electromagnetic waves. It is half the vertical distance between the crest and the trough.
The return time of the sound depends on the depth of the ocean. As sound moves away from the object producing it, the intensity decreases. Demo harmonic oscillator waves are a type of disturbance that can propagate or travel. The wave motion is a means of transferring energy from one point to another without there being any transfer of matter or substance between these points. The medium air generally transmits the vibrations by longitudinal waves. This unit explains what sound is, how it travels, and some of the properties of sound, such as pitch and volume.
Waves and wave properties presentation pdf teachengineering. The intensity of the sound wave roughly how loud it sounds, is inversely proportional to the square of the distance away from the source. Study guide wave properties, interactions, and sound waves. This can be demonstrated by the following experiment. Physics of acoustic waves three dimensional in nature and depend on time whatever the physical quantities that are used to describe the sound waves, they must depend upon three spatial variables, x, y, z, and time, t particle displacement ux, y, z, t associated with the compression and expansion of the acoustic wave. How does the vibration frequency relate to the frequency of the wave created.
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